Every cryptocurrency in the ranking grouped by how its chain makes blocks — the mechanism, not the marketing. 508 chains across 7 families, $2.35T combined. Who may make blocks splits the families in two: open to anyone, or admitted only.
Anyone who brings the resource — hardware, coins or disk space — can make blocks, without asking. A proof-of-stake chain that admits its validators from a list instead loses a point on the CoinSpectrum Grade.
Chains whose next block is made by whoever first finds a hash below the network's target — a lottery each miner wins in proportion to the computing work it burns.
Chains whose next block is made by a validator chosen in proportion to the coins it has locked as stake, its own or delegated to it.
Chains whose next block is chosen by proving reserved disk space — a "plot" laid down in advance, then queried against a challenge.
Chains that make blocks with two of the mechanisms above.
Only validators someone has approved make blocks, or count: the operator, the authorities already in the set, or the default list nearly every node follows.
Chains with no block producer in the usual sense: validators propose sets of transactions and converge on one in rounds, and each validator counts only the validators it has chosen to trust — the Unique Node List on the XRP Ledger, quorum slices on Stellar.
Chains whose blocks are made by a fixed set of authorities, known by name and admitted by the operator or by a vote of the authorities already in the set.
A bucket rather than a family: chains whose way of making blocks fits none of the above.
Two ways of finishing a block run inside several families, so they are lists rather than families: a BFT vote, and a ledger shaped as a DAG. Each chain on them is filed in the family that makes its blocks.
BFT is not a family but a way for blocks to become final: a set of validators votes in rounds, and a block is final once more than two thirds of them, counted by number or by stake, have signed it.
A DAG is not a family but a shape of ledger: each block or transaction points to several earlier ones instead of one, so many can be added at once and put in order afterwards.
The taxonomy — what counts as which family — is the same one applied to every asset page in the ranking. Wrapped, staked and pegged claims are never counted here.